Human behavior in Late adulthood stage Essay Example for Free

Human conduct in Late adulthood stage Essay The paper will concentrate on the phases of psychosocial improvement explicitly that of the Later Adulthood Stage. Despite the fact that this phase of adulthood doesn't have a similar centrality to the next formative stages in adulthood, particularly to the prior stages, in any event as far as how the individual sees their reality with regards to one’s shutting long stretches of life and the other way around. All things considered, the Late Adulthood Stage survives from most extreme importance for the explanation that it holds one essential angle in the last improvement phase of a grown-up: the trustworthiness of the sense of self. It must be noted now that the sense of self in the Late Adulthood Stage has just retained inside the range of the individual’s life procedures and life when all is said in done an extensive level of understanding. What stays in this stage are the radiations of past encounters that have not shriveled away with the absent mindedness of human memory, just as the individual’s transformed impression of their reality that have adjusted to the arrangement of changes in one’s condition and that have likewise formed the very structure of the earth where one abides in. An investigate a portion of the critical subtleties of this stage uncovers the heaviness of this specific stage rather than different stages in adulthood whereby the interesting strands of psychosocial statutes that appropriately have a place with this stage distinguishes it as something other than a finishing stage. Hypothetical foundations In Erikson’s Eight Stages of Psychosocial Development, the Late Adult Stage sums up its significant undertakings in the improvement of the grown-up as far as reflection. This is principally on the grounds that this stage is basically the stage wherein the individual is just ready to perform less exercises rather than the early long periods of one’s life where the individual is effectively taking an interest, to a limited degree, in either recreation or work. Though more youthful individuals continually cooperate with their environmental factors and with others, more established individuals who have a place with the last phase of human improvement are, much of the time, truly incapable to meet the necessities required by recreation and work. Generally, in spite of the fact that the matured individuals can scarcely charge themselves in these genuinely testing exercises, the Later Adulthood stage in Erikson’s hypothesis reveals to us that these people invest the majority of their energy rather on remembering in their memory the encounters they had in the early parts of their lives. In this manner, as one can see among the old, their demonstrations of relating accounts of past interfering with past occasions and people uncover one part of human contemplation. It shows their endeavor, in any event, to adapt to their physical failure or inadequate regarding versatility by pondering on whatever is staying in their memory. All the more critically, the Later Adulthood stage features the inescapable truth in human life: passing. Similarly as with the matured individuals, the knowledge they have obtained in their numerous undertakings during their more youthful days all point them to the certain reality of death in this manner intimating a feeling of dread in their psyches. As this reality is ingrained in their considerations, the older are inevitably positioned in a fairly awkward circumstance as their days are moved nearer to its end sections. This is the point wherein their perspectives on both life and passing are additionally characterized without anyone else, testing their development and passionate capacity to acknowledge such certainty and to procure the adequate respectability and confidence in their selves so as not to capitulate to the dread of biting the dust. Robert Havighurst, in his discernment on the formative undertakings in the life of the individual, directs our consideration toward his understanding on the later development phase of the person. He affirms that after the hour of retirement from one’s occupation, the individual in the long run experiences a few changes as in the individual adjusts another way of life that fits the conditions that plague the person. These conditions, particularly after at long last shutting the window for a past occupation, are reflected from numerous points of view. A couple of these conditions incorporate migrating to a littler house or the decrease in one’s salary among numerous others. These conditions at last brings changes, either radical or slow, to the everyday environments in the life of the individual that one is thusly provoked to realign one’s way of living with new measures. Fundamentally, Havighurst recommends that the old are progressively after the endeavor at â€Å"holding on† to life as opposed to the genuine seizing of the things that life brings to the table. That is, the condition of life of the old can be viewed as one that is slanted to â€Å"maintain† life or the things that one as of now has in life as opposed to its development. To be educated of news methods of living involves not just the reception of new methodologies in managing the necessities realized by age and one’s physical disintegration. It additionally involves the possibility that these old individuals will undoubtedly endeavor at investing more energy in â€Å"holding on† to life, very separated from the possibility that they should expand their view of the world and their impression of both life and demise. With regards to the speculations that rotate around the examination on the phases of human advancement as far as the psychosocial viewpoint just as the examples of conduct showed by the old, we can decently separate the thought as theory that these examples of conduct are the consequences of the created impression of the older with the further acknowledgment of death or, at any rate, the decay of one’s wellbeing and day to day environments. System The members in the meeting are made out of 20 non-working old from the male and female sexual orientations with age 60 or more haphazardly picked. The entirety of the members can comprehend and communicate in the English language, their essential language, and are occupants of the United States of America. The strict direction of the members is Roman Catholicism just as they are monetarily reliant on the protection cash they get each month, aside from the clinical help they can procure from it. In addition, the members are presently living all alone, with their families living in their particular homes separate from their older.

Uber McKinsey 7S Model Free Solution - Click Now!

Question: Talk about the Uber forMcKinsey 7S Model. Answer: The objective of the survey was to choose how the McKinsey 7S model is associated for accomplishment and utilization of Uber in Asia and around the globe. The parts in the affiliation are what are used to control the change strategy to ensure accomplishment in this manner three components have contributed most to the achievement of Uber incorporate Technique Technique execution incorporates working with people and the structure of the relationship to make the visionary musings developed before appear (Manage, 2007). As per (Pearce Robinson, 2007) ,watch that the objective of the key organization handle identifies with the enumerating and execution of methods which bring about the long stretch achievement of the association's focal objective. (David, 1997) portrays framework executions as periods of essential organizations that incorporates the usage of definitive gadgets and furthermore facilitate resources towards achieving key outcomes. The McKinsey 7S model can be explained using the advantage based view speculation of the firm and method (Kraaijenbrink, Spencer Groen, 2010). The central recommendation of this speculation is that if a firm is to achieve a state of kept up advantage it must pick up and control significant, exceptional, unique, and non-substitutable resources and capacities (Barney, 1991). The measures of the advantage based view theory are: that the structure bits of system are business shapes; the difference in methods into gainful key limits is a key to accomplishment; capacities are made by making crucial endeavors and the executive must be trustworthy, considering the way that fighting on capacities incorporates cross-convenience. The open system speculation explains how the affiliation depends on upon its condition for information and changes these commitments to a yield (Barney, 1991). A system insinuates a method or plan accomplished a pined for future (Pearce Robinson, 2007). (Johnson, Scholes, and Whittington 2005) delineate philosophy as the heading and level of a relationship over the long haul, which accomplishes great conditions in a routinely changing condition through its layout of advantages and capacities to satisfy accessory needs. For a firm to endure and flourish a system is basic. Technique helps a firm make a fit between the affiliation and its condition with a ultimate objective to engage the affiliation acclimates to its fierce condition. (Johnson et al, 2005) describe strategy execution as a methodology turning around ensuring that frameworks are working for all intents and purposes. It incorporates various activities including sorting out a relationship to achieve productive execution, engaging achievement through the course in which the various resources of people, information, back and development reinforce framework and administer change. Uber has become an issue solver to many, with the capacity to give taxi administrations to the individuals who need at costs that are sensible. Uber has attempted its best to guarantee it repairs the taxi business by making it progressively legitimate and that why we can see numerous organizations are attempting to come up to take the market which they never observed. Through shared worth we See Uber has attempted to guarantee that clients get the best by guaranteeing their riders have great vehicles that are in acceptable condition. This is through guaranteeing any vehicle that signs up meet certain base standards in addition to the driver must be qualified. The experience is a greater amount of client arranged as clients can follow their vehicle on a given course. Clients are additionally ready to pay with credits cards making exchange simpler as would be expected taxicabs were generally through money installments. Common Value As per (Kaplan ,2005) portrays shared qualities as the middle or basic arrangement of attributes that are all around partook in the connection and fill in as controlling standards of what is essential; vision, crucial, characteristics explanations that give a wide opinion reason behind all operators. All individuals from the connection share some standard essential insights or controlling musings around which the business is made. This might be to profit or to complete centrality in a specific field. Not solely are customers experiencing the best, Uber drivers are in like manner benefitting massively through organization execution. Businesses have been made for drivers through partner qualified drivers to customers who ought to be chauffeured inside certain geographical territory. Going about as a driver can win some upwards of $500 consistently, which is the aggregate a taxi driver stands to set to make following seven days aches work. Its complete fixation on transport guarantees that Uber can meet its fundamental commitment of offering safe secure rides to its clients. To guarantee the drivers survive from high caliber the application permits clients to rate drivers after each ride. In this way is a method of guaranteeing drivers can give model client care just to get the 5 star rating. Such situation has bragged resolve numerous drivers not exclusively to consider it to be typical employment yet additionally attempt their best to have better audits which thus prompts development of the business across Asia. Frameworks Frameworks allude to the formal and agreeable methods used to deal with the connection, including association control structures, execution estimation and prize frameworks, coordinating, masterminding and asset segment frameworks, and association data structures (Kaplan, 2005). Uber guarantees clients get the best from all rides and that why we saw before drivers are evaluated by customers during an excursion. The employing procedure likewise follows certain rule, not all vehicles are acknowledged by Uber, year of assembling is critical to be enrolled by Uber and the sort of the vehicle. Its everything about solace of riders and set norms. Use of Porter 5-powers Model This hypothesis depends on upon the likelihood that there are five characteristics that one chooses for an Engaging and interfacing power in business advertise, its beneficial as one needs to comprehend alliance nature which is focused to making exceptional yields. Numerous pros utilize the five characteristics from Porters strategy to comprehend where control lies as a method of improving proficiency and maintain a strategic distance from oversights. To enter an Asian market one requires legitimate research as from the exploration completed it propose that one variable that could accept a fundamental part in India is well known inclination, which applies a broad effect on the organization. A nice instance of this is a fight by neighborhood retailers against Uber, who feel that the arrival of the US retail goliath could make them bankrupt. Uber has made monstrous interests in India, anyway is discovering courses around rigid bearings that shield it from completing things as crucial as building up its picture name. As indicated by (Wang Chang, 2008) Porter's five powers has no significant effect in the event that you are anticipating execute business in India.Three Ps (individuals, undertaking and penny) driving his undertakings in China. Going past the tight, to an extraordinary degree forceful centralization of Porter's model, the new five qualities show, Comprises business objectives, topographical region, Working condition and how it partners with different organizations. It seems to choose business accomplishment regardless of any contender. Uber is presently riding on economies of scale as should be obvious it counters many legal disputes it faces this being one of its quality. Case of Another Home Grown Competitor OLA Uber is confronting hardened rivalry from Ola an Indian taxi organization. He proceeds to express that Uber should discard its one-measure fits-all methodology and rather endeavor to grasp close by nuances that would assist it with distinguishing organizations that customers and drivers truly need. Uber and Ola have for a significant period of time sought after a serious battle for inimitable quality in India, a market with 1.3 billion potential customers. The country has gone facing extended significance for Uber after a movement recently incidents elsewhere in Asia. Uber and Ola drivers all are striking to have pay increment which may appear to be bottlenecks to Uber being a remote organization. In spite of the fact that Uber CEO demands Uber demands they arent pulling out of India. In India, Uber has consistently ended up playing compensate for some recent setbacks with its Bangalore-based adversary. Its most recent close by thing offering - allowing Indian customers to book an auto for an entire day - is starting at now offered by Ola in 85 urban networks. Ola also allows customers to book one of India's inescapable three-wheeled auto rickshaws, an organization Uber started at this point at that point suspended in 2015.Ola has a reasonable ground as they have better comprehension of the geological area. References David, F.R. (1997). Ideas of key administration. third ed. New York: Macmillan International. Johnson, G., Scholes, K., Whittington, R. (2005). Investigating corporate technique. seventh ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Kaplan, R. (2005). How the fair scorecard supplements the McKinsey 7?S model. System Leadership, Vol. 33 (3), 41 46. Kraaijenbrink, J., Spencer, J.C., Groen, A.J. (2010). The Resource Based View: A survey and evaluation of its studies. Diary of Management, 36(1), 49 72. Pearce, J., Robinson, R. (2007). Key administration: definition, execution control. tenth ed. London: Irwin Publishers Wei Wang,Peter P. Chang, (2008) Enterprise and system in China: why Porter's five powers may not be,Journal of Chinese Entrepreneurship, Vol. 1 Issue: 1, pp.53-64, doi: 10.1108/17561390910916886 Doorman's Five Forces Industry Analysis of Indian Passenger Car Industry: Accessed from https://www.pbr.co.in/January2016/13.pdf

How to Strategically Analyze a Cover Letter

How to Strategically Analyze a Cover Letter There is a wide variety of information available to job seekers regarding how to write the best cover letter. However, many of these informative guides will contradict each other. For example, one guide suggests that every cover letter should be closed with an actionable paragraph in which the candidate must demonstrate an intent to follow up on the application. Other guides suggest that this is to be avoided at all costs.Whichever guide a candidate chooses to follow, a good cover letter can express valuable information about a potential candidate. A cover letter can provide insight into the candidates personality. It is also a demonstration of several skills including communication, writing, organization and the ability to correctly follow directions.There are many free resources both online and in the community to learn how to write a good cover letter. If it is immediately obvious that a candidate has chosen not to dedicate time and care to their cover letter, a hiring manager sho uld not devote their resume much attention. Those candidates who recognize the value of a good cover letter show demonstrable skill and prove that they take the job hunting process seriously. © Shutterstock.com | YurlickThe following article is a guide to strategically analyzing a cover letter. We will explore 1) the CV  format, 2) analytical reading, 3) comparing cover letter to the resume, and 4) asking some questions. While this guide is aimed at recruiters and hiring managers, job hunters can also take away valuable information about how potential employers read their cover letters and resumes.FORMAT OF THE COVER LETTERThe format of a cover letter is the first thing that you should check before you begin to analyze the text of the letter. Before you read the cover letter, look at the presentation of the letter itself. The font should be well chosen, and there should be multiple paragraphs. From the first glance, it should be immediately obvious that the candidate took time and care in writing their letter. A good format should include the following characteristics:Easy to ReadThe characteristics of an easy to read cover letter include more than well-worded text. The choice of the font should be both professional and easy to read. There is a rule about choosing an accessible font in almost every How to Write a Cover Letter Guide. A good candidate will understand that hiring managers have to read dozens of cover letters for each open position. They should be considerate and follow the rule of choosing a font like Verdana or Times New Roman when writing their cover letters and resumes. This consideration will demonstrate the ability to follow rules and professionalism.The layout of the cover letter is also important. This is a hiring managers first chance to judge the writing skills of the applicant. Applicants who write using a proper letter layout will immediately prove their writing skills. Hiring managers should also look for short, well-defined paragraphs.The candidates who choose to take extra time in formatting their cover letters through custom templates should be given extra consideration. If the attention to detail in the prose is as str ong as it is in the formatting, the cover letter will be an excellent resource for a hiring manager.Look for a strong beginning and a strong closing sentence. This will demonstrate to the employer that the candidate has written a letter specifically for this job. It will also demonstrate effective communication skills. Opening paragraphs are particularly controversial subjects in many cover letter writing guides. Some guides will suggest that candidates open their letter with obvious information while other guides say that they should avoid it at all costs. Whichever method a candidate chooses to use, judge them for the information they provide rather than the style guide they have chosen.ShortA cover letter should be short. It should amplify the resume in prose form. A cover letter is also designed to be descriptive. It should cover both the job seekers intentions as well provide an illustration to the resume. A cover letter can provide descriptions and examples of previous work, b ut it should not provide large amounts of unnecessary details. A cover letter should also be concise and should not take up more than one page. Be wary of cover letters that contain an endless flow of vague information that does not relate to the job posting. Even if the prose is well written, huge amounts of information is bad form for a cover letter.Error-FreeA cover letter is a short document, and it should be error-free. It does not take a long time to check your work when you are only writing a few hundreds of words. Thus, major grammar and punctuation mistakes should be avoided.There should be no spelling mistakes in a cover letter. If the cover letter is word processed, there are enough reference and reviewing functions to provide spelling guidance. All spelling mistakes demonstrate sloppy work in a short document like a cover letter.Spelling and grammar are a difficult call to make when the letter is written by a person whose first language is not English. If the resume sugg ests that the candidate previously lived and worked in another country, you can be more generous because some people are better at speaking than they are at writing. However, regardless of their native language, multiple major spelling errors should taken into account.ANALYTICAL READINGAfter you have completed an initial check of the format of the cover letter, you can begin reading it to examine the information. While you are reading the letter, you should be thinking about the efficacy of the information that is being provided. You should consider whether the writer is using appropriate business language or if they are using a casual tone. You should also consider whether or not the information is clear and relevant to the job posting. Consider asking the following questions while you are strategically reading the cover letter:Why is the candidate applying?The main purpose of the cover letter is to demonstrate the candidates intentions in applying for the job. This intention is di fferent from statements about why they would be suited for a role. A candidates motivation in applying for a job will demonstrate professional intention and personal character. If a candidate says that they are applying for this job to further their career in the field, this demonstrates a desire to improve their skills and progress their career. The motivation for applying for a job is especially important if the candidate is changing careers. You should look for a brief reason as to why they have decided to move from one field to another. The reasons may be economic, but they may also be personal.How does the candidate fit the role?The candidate should include a brief statement about how they fit the role that they are applying for. By including this statement, they will have demonstrated that they have read the job posting in its entirety. This statement will demonstrate an understanding of both the job requirements as well as the desired personal characteristics.The cover letter should state at least two of the candidates major qualifications for the role. The qualifications should ideally be supported by specific examples of these abilities or characteristics. The major qualifications should also be relevant to the required skills of the role.The cover letter should not be identical to the resume. A cover letter is not another space to list a candidates full employment history. It should instead provide the highlights of the resume and include information that is not found in the resume, such as the statement of intent or skills. A great cover letter will provide specific examples of skills held by the candidate.Do they provide specific examples?A great cover letter will provide a few specific examples that highlight skills or experiences listed on the resume. The best way for a candidate to do this is to tell a story. This is because a candidates experience should be demonstrable, and the narrative form is the best way to convey this kind of experience.T hese examples should also be specific to the job requirements. The cover letter is not the place for a candidate to tell you about their distinct interest in psychology if the role has nothing to with the skills required by psychology. If the job posting requires someone who is highly skilled in problem solving, a candidate should answer with a few intriguing sentences about a specific problem they recently solved.Be aware of any weak or irrelevant examples in the cover letter. This may mean that the candidate has very little experience to draw on. Providing general examples may also be an indication that the candidate has submitted a standard cover letter rather than writing a letter for the position that they are applying for.COMPARING COVER LETTER TO THE RESUMEAfter you have analyzed the cover letter, you should compare it to the resume. The cover letter should make the person described in the resume stand off the page. A good cover letter will shine light on a resume, and it may also call into question certain parts of the resume. A thorough analysis is required to get a fuller picture of the candidate and their capabilities.Look for ExplanationsA candidate may use the cover letter as a means of explaining gaps in employment or strange changes in position. A comparison of the letter and the resume would ideally make the situation clear. Be careful when reading convoluted explanations that do not provide any insight in the situation. The explanations should be clear and concise. It should be specific and not general. Explanations that provide more confusion than they do insight often mean that the candidate is trying to conceal something. It may also mean that they are not skilled communicators. Either way, these qualities are usually undesirable in a potential employee.When you are reading cover letters, it is important to distinguish between useful explanations and excuses. Some people use their cover letter to disarm their resume rather than supplement i t. Using excuses in a cover letter or any part of the job application process often demonstrates a failure to take responsibility for themselves. This is another undesirable quality for an employee.Check FactsThe skills that a candidate reports in their cover letter should be reflected in the resume. If the candidate reports having skills in their cover letter that do not appear in the roles they list on their resume, there may be cause for concern. While the candidate may have the skills that they list, they probably were not able to practice them if they cannot list a relevant role in their resume.You should also consider facts from any stories or anecdotes in the cover letter. If they list specific dates or periods in their life, compare this to the resume to make sure that it checks out. Storytelling is difficult for many people, and there is some tendency just to make something up when they are writing a cover letter. It is best practice to try to evaluate the reliability of th e information a candidate provides in their cover letter.Reevaluate the Cover LetterAfter you have read the resume, go back to the cover letter and re-evaluate it. After having read both documents, you should begin to see a clearer picture of the candidate. This will prepare you to make a decision about whether or not you should proceed to the next stage of the process: the interview.ASK QUESTIONSAfter you have reviewed the cover letter and the resume, think about what you have learned about this employee from their application. There are several questions that you should ask yourself as you reflect on the efficacy of the cover letter. By thinking through the following questions, you will have a clearer idea of whether or not you want to move the candidate forward in the selection process.Does the candidate explain inconsistencies?You need to distinguish between explanations and excuses in many cover letters. Ask yourself if you are interested in a candidate who makes excuses rather than learning from their mistakes. As a hiring manager, you will rarely find a perfect candidate, and this is perfectly normal. You should be prepared to be forgiving in some areas for the right candidate. However, you should not tolerate blatant lies in job applications.Does the cover letter let you know more about the individual candidate?The cover letter is designed to highlight the most important and interesting traits that the candidate has to offer. You should read the cover letter and feel as though you understand the person behind the resume better than you did before. However, a cover letter should not be written in essay form. The cover letter should be an informative piece of prose consisting of concise detail. It should not be an elaborate narrative full of information that was not required.Is it just a regurgitation of the job posting?You should read the cover letter to learn about the candidates personality. The cover letter should be a reflection of the candidate rat her than a rewrite of the original job posting. Be wary of any letters that show little to no originality or individuality. While it is important for candidates to be able to follow directions, it is equally important for a potential employee to be able to think for themselves.Is the information relevant?The cover letter should provide insightful and relevant information. Important information should stand off the page, and you should not have to hunt for meaning. Providing relevant information demonstrates careful consideration for the hiring manager and the position. It also expresses the ability to follow directions which is an important asset for potential employees in all fields.What do you know about the candidate?Think about what you have learned from the candidate. The information discernable through the cover letter is not only the blatant information that the candidate provides. You can learn about how they express themselves. You may also learn about their writing skills and their commitment to detail. Good communication is one of the most valuable assets in business, and you should take this into consideration when you are analyzing a cover letter.The cover letter is a powerful tool for both applicants and recruiters. It allows the candidate to express themselves in a way that a traditional resume does not allow. It also allows recruiters to get to know candidates in a more personal way. By evaluating the cover letter alongside the resume, hiring managers can spot both the strengths and weaknesses of a potential employee. A strong cover letter is usually a good sign that a candidate should move forward into the next phase of the recruiting process.

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Writing term papers is an important part of academic process for every student, whether you like it or not. For some people it is easier, for some it is harder, and some have a lot of problems trying to master this craft. If you belong to this type of people, it will probably be a good idea to pay for term papers to some writing service at least, if you believe that you are not going to need this skill later. This, however, leads to a problem there are so many writing services on the Internet that it is virtually impossible to make any kind of a balanced decision. These services are so alike and describe themselves in terms so similar that whatever choice you make it will be nothing more than a wild shot in the dark. You can, of course, bump into a really professional service that will assign a really professional writer to your assignment. But you may just as well encounter an agency that will sell you a plagiarized term paper and leave you to deal with the consequences of handing such a work in. What Is the Difference Between ThePensters and Other Agencies? When you place an order with a usual writing company you may only hope that the writer who gets your task will turn out to be a skillful and well-versed in his or her field you have no control over the choice whatsoever. When you deal with us, however, the situation is completely different. First, you have to leave the description of your order, providing as much information as possible. Then the writers who have time to work right now study your task, and those who consider themselves capable of doing it, leave their bids. After that everything is up to you: you carefully study the profiles of those who were interested in your assignment and select the writer you consider to be the best for this particular case. Pay for Term Papers and Hire Professionals at ThePensters Thus, you may be sure that your order is going to be handled by an experienced professional. Although we are not a company with constant staff, but more of a service that allows freelance writers and their clients find each other, it doesnt mean that we allow any writer to work for us. Every person willing to do business via ThePensters has to pass a rigorous examination and prove that he or she is really capable of dealing with the assignments in this or that sphere of knowledge. Only after they successfully pass this exam they are permitted to work for us, and if they in any way compromise the good reputation of our service they are immediately banned from using it. Thus, there is no risk whatsoever in placing an order with us we care about our customers and do everything to ensure their well-being.

Euthanasia Is The Painless Killing Of A Patient - 2396 Words

Euthanasia Research Paper Euthanasia is the painless killing of a patient who is suffering from a terminal or incurable disease. There are two different processes of euthanasia, active or physician-assisted suicide and passive euthanasia. Active euthanasia is when a terminally ill patient requests someone, usually a doctor, to intentionally cause their death via overdose or lethal injection. Passive euthanasia is the act of refusing life-sustaining treatments or the removal of life-sustaining technology from a patient who is in a vegetated state. Euthanasia originates from the Greek roots eu and thanatos, meaning â€Å"easy death,† yet the legalization and practice of euthanasia is a highly controversial topic that is heavily debated and discussed. In this paper I will review the history behind euthanasia, explain the current manifestations, the pros and the cons behind legalization, and my personal stance on the subject. Based on the research that I have gathered thro ughout this process, I have come to the conclusion that euthanization should be legalized due to the consideration of the patient’s quality of life and the notion that it is their life, therefore they should have the option to end it. To begin, the debate on euthanization can be traced from ancient Greco-Roman period to the twenty-first century. Many well known historical figures have taken their stand on whether euthanasia should be legally practiced. Beginning in the 4th century BCE, Greek physicianShow MoreRelatedEuthanasia Is The Painless Killing Of A Patient1652 Words   |  7 Pagesthanatos, which together mean a good death, the idea of euthanasia is quite appealing. So what exactly is it? Euthanasia is the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable and painful disease or in an irreversible coma. Also called assisted suicide or physician-assisted death/suicide (often times simply referred to as just PAD or PAS), this process helps terminally ill pat ients make the transition from painful life to painless death. But what is death when you have an illness that hasRead MoreEuthanasia Is Painless Killing Of A Patient1435 Words   |  6 PagesEuthanasia is painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable and painful disease or in an irreversible coma, also means to take a deliberate action with the express intention of ending a life to relieve intractable suffering. Some interpret as the practice of ending life in a mercy killing, assisted suicide, and soft slow suicide. There are two main classifications of euthanasia. There is Voluntary euthanasia which is conducted with consent. Where the patient decides for themselves toRead MoreEuthanasia Is The Painless Killing Of A Patient1825 Words   |  8 PagesEuthanasia is the painless killing of a patient who is suffering from an incurable and very painful disease. Also, if the patient is in a permanent coma. Within the United States of America and in most countries euthanasia is illegal to be practiced. The origin of the word euthanasia came from the early 17th century within the Greek culture. In Greek, the word euthanasia translates to ÃŽ µÃâ€¦ÃŽ ¸ÃŽ ±ÃŽ ½ÃŽ ±ÃÆ'ÃŽ ¯ÃŽ ±. (â€Å"Google.† Google. Translator. Web. June 19, 2016.) In a way, this translates to easy death. An exampleRead MoreEuthanasia Is The Painless Killing Of A Patient Suffering From An Incurable Disease?1214 Words   |  5 PagesEuthanasia is â€Å"the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable disease or in an irreversible coma.† The practice of Euthanasia is illegal in most countries. In fact only three states in the United States and the District of Columbia allow assisted suicide. Four states have no laws against euthanasia, and 38 states have made euthanasia illegal. Is it better for a person to live a biological life or a biographical life? If a person with a terminal illness’s pain can be managed toRead MoreAccording to the Oxford dictionary, euthanasia is defined as the painless killing of a patient800 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to the Oxford dictionary, euthanasia is defined as the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable and painful disease or an irreversible coma. Those in favor argue that this is done motivated by kindness and a desire to end suffering. Those against Euthanasia understand why those in favor of Euthanasia say it is ok to practice it, but one must understand that Euthanasia is contrary to the Hippocratic Oath. According to the Hippocratic Oath doctors should never, â€Å"give a deadlyRead MoreA Brief Note On Euthanasia And The United States882 Words   |  4 PagesHistory of Euthanasia in the U.S. Euthanasia is the act or practice, killing of permitting the death of hopelessly sick or injured individuals in a relatively painless way for reasons of mercy killing. Far more controversial, active euthanasia involves causing the death of a person through a direct action. In response to a request from the person. Euthanasia itself been around for as long as the history of medicine. This euthanasia is enormous and have long history in the United States. This soRead More Euthanasia is Murder Essay591 Words   |  3 PagesEuthanasia is the Greek word meaning â€Å"good death†. Euthanasia is the act of assisting in ending one’s life, killing a person or an animal in a painless or minimally painful way. There are 3 different types of euthanasia. Volantary - which means that the doctor, or whoever performed the assisted death got full permission from the patient to kill them. Nonvolantary - without full consent of the patient or if the patient did give them their full consent, they weren’t fully decisionally-competent. AndRead MoreEuthanasia Is The Most Active1548 Words   |  7 Pages Euthanasia is the practice of intentionally ending a life in order to relieve pain and suffering. There are different euthanasia laws in each country. The British House of Lords Select Committee on Medical Ethics defines euthanasia as a deliberate intervention undertaken with the express intention of ending a life, to relieve intractable suffering. In the Netherlands and Flanders, euthanasia is understood as termination of life by a doctor at the request of a patient. Euthanasia is categorizedRead MorePersuasive Essay on Euthanasia963 Words   |  4 PagesEuthanasia - The Right to Decide The definition of euthanasia from the Oxford Dictionary is: â€Å"The painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable and painful disease or is in an incurable coma.† Consider the words â€Å"suffering,† â€Å"painful,† â€Å"irreversible† and â€Å"incurable.† These words describe a patients terrible conditions and prospects. Euthanasia is known as â€Å"mercy killing† for a reason, it is the most, humane, moral and logical form of treatment available to patients that have no hopeRead MoreEuthanasia Is Not An Acceptable Choice Of Death1415 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Americans tend to endorse the use of physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia when the question is abstract and hypothetical† (Ezekiel Emanuel). Not many people support it, but many of them do. Euthanasia the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable and painful disease or in an irreversible coma. The practice is illegal in most countries. O r also known as â€Å"mercy killing†. To those many patients who have terminal illnesses the procedure is done to them. But only if they are suffering

Philosophy Term Paper Abortion Free Essays

Philosophy Term Paper Sometimes problems of mental disability and illness arise within a fetus during human development. Questions arise whether or not those fetuses should live or not (abortion). I believe that they do have a right to live. We will write a custom essay sample on Philosophy Term Paper: Abortion or any similar topic only for you Order Now No one can play God and decided whether or not a being should live. We cannot judge whether or not a person is going to be mentally ill or not. We do not know the full potential of that person and we cannot predict whether or not he will always stay mentally challenged. How do we know that person will not get better? How do we know that he really is mentally disabled? We have no right to take a life because we THINK that we may be are helping that individual by not bringing him into a life of hardship and complication. This can be compared to â€Å"ending the misery† of an old person because we think he is pain. This is absurd and wrong. I believe that the double effect principle is not in accordance to the catholic natural law. The catholic natural law states that evil may not be done that good come of it. This means that you can never have something good come out from something evil. Hence, if the double effect states that it is ok to take the life of the baby to save the life of the mother, we are saying it is ok to kill the baby to save the mother; even though killing a person is unjustifiable. This goes against the natural law because the natural law says there is no good from something evil. So, if killing a person is evil there is nothing good that could come out of it. This is why the two ideas are not accordance. In fact, they are completely contradictory- one justifies the abortion and the other doesn’t. 3) I do agree with the both of his principles because he assumes the zygote and whatever comes after it a form of human life and will potentially becomes a person. Devine describes humanity as stages. The way kids turn into adolescent, adolescent into adult, adult into elder. This can also imply that there is development before infancy from zygote to fetus. This is a link in the stages of humanity that philosophers mention of. Also, people do not realize how the infant is the same person in and out the mother’s tomb. The mother gives a name to the fetus and talks about him/her. She treats the fetus as if it was outside the womb, becoming attached to the baby. Looking at these to principles we can see why Devine talks about abortion as murder. We see the zygote being a link in the chain of humanity and the way it is perceived as an infant before delivery. Unless there is a reason for the abortion (mother’s health), abortion should be considered murder. ) 5) Warren states that the first two are enough to prove that a fetus is not a person, justifying the abortion. She expands her claim not only to infants but also to, â€Å"a man or woman whose consciousness has been permanently obliterated but who remains alive is a human being which is no longer a person; defective human beings with no appreciable mental capacity, are not and presumably never will be people; and a fetus is a human being whic h is not yet a person, and which therefore cannot coherently be said to have moral rights. So, not only does she deduce the fact that fetuses are not a person, but also the mentally challenged and ill. Warren also keeps in mind that the attributes that are relevant in determining whether or not moral rights are no different from those which are relevant. Hence, if there is signs of brain activity and resemblance this is not enough to prove the fetus as a person, justifying abortion. 6) To prove his point, he talks about how human cells are present but they lack the structure of a human organism. True human life is only recognizable to about three weeks and primitive brain function does not begin until about the eighth week. He also mentions how twins are not formed until the fourteenth day after conception. Since it takes two weeks to form twins, how can there be a soul in the beginning of conception and then divide into twins; you cannot divide the soul in half for each twin. For this reason I do not believe that the soul is put into the human zygote after conception. When after conception I do not know. How to cite Philosophy Term Paper: Abortion, Essays

Free on Homers Odyssey Odyssey as Epic Poe Essay Example For Students

Free on Homers Odyssey: Odyssey as Epic Poe Essay m Homer Odyssey EssaysThe Odyssey as Epic Poem The Odyssey is an epic poem. In The Odyssey, the reader can find at least four characteristics, which help prove it is an epic poem. One characteristic is the vast setting that Odysseus experiences throughout his journey. Another is Odysseuss larger-than-life, imposing stature. So are the superhuman deeds Odysseus completes on his long arduous journey. Also, The Odyssey is based around a central hero whose actions determine the fate of his kingdom. Throughout The Odyssey the reader is given thorough details of the vast setting that Odysseus experiences. During Odysseuss journey across the sea he experiences many lands and people previously unknown to him. In The Odyssey, Odysseus leaves his known world of Ithaca and enters the Unknown World. There he finds the land of the Cyclopes, Aeolys Island, and Ogygia. While on his journey Odysseus must travel to the Underworld to find Tiresias. The blind man will tell him whether he will return home to Ithaca or not. Another characteristic is Odysseuss larger-than-life, imposing stature. When Odysseus returns to Ithaca, he strings his bow and continues to slaughter the suitors who threatened his rule. Stringing his bow and shooting it repeatedly, while even the strongest suitor could not pull it shows great strength. It proves he is a larger-than-life man of unmatchable strength. Also throughout his journeys Odysseus is recognized as a man of wisdom and strength. Odysseus must have been an epic hero as he was recognized by the gods on numerous occasions. For instance when Hermes appears and gives Odysseus the magical herb, Moly to protect him from the magical powers of Circes. Throughout The Odyssey Athena shows herself to Odysseus and gives him advice. When Odysseus is attempting to return to Ithaca, Circe tells him he must visit the blind Tiresias, who will tell him his fate. Odysseus is one of only two men who enter the Underworld and live. Odysseus performs many superhuman deeds throughout The Odyssey perhaps the most important is when he entered the Underworld. One of the main characteristics of The Odyssey, which proves it is an epic poem, is that it is based around a central hero whose actions determine the fate of his kingdom. While suitors threaten the role of Ithaca the reader is uncertain whether the rule of Ithaca will remain under Odysseuss power. Odysseus confirms that the rule will remain under him by killing all the suitors. In The Odyssey, four characteristics can easily be found. One is the vast setting Odysseus travels through. Odysseuss larger-than-life, imposing stature is also one. So are the superhuman deeds Odysseus accomplishes during his journeys. But the main characteristic is that The Odyssey is based around a central hero who determines the fate of his kingdom. These characteristics help prove The Odyssey is an epic poem.

Research Paper on Sanitation Essay Example

Research Paper on Sanitation Essay Sanitation is a set of practical measures, which aims to improve the hygienic conditions. Sanitation is strongly linked to public health because of the many diseases associated with an unhealthy environment. Proximity to the waste-water can cause diseases of fecal-oral transmission (diarrhea, typhoid, hepatitis, cholera), or related to a vector (malaria, filariasis, dengue). Other diseases are also linked to poor basic sanitation and in particular defective or poorly equipped latrines: nematodes, bilharziasis, and other worms. Sanitation aims to ensure the disposal and treatment of waste-water and excreta in minimizing risks to human health and the environment. Generally, remediation includes procedures of removal and treatment of waste-water and solid waste products. These procedures include: Filtration. Filtration is carried out in order to ensure the safety of water reuse. Waste-water is filtrated to bring to the standards that allow the use of this water without harm to the environment and human health. The waste-water goes through special filters that separate liquid and solid contaminants. Then the water is saturated with ozone and oxygen, and passed through a more fine filter. Finally, the water is sterilized with a solution of chlorine. Landfills. Garbage disposal in a landfill for the purpose of later recycling ensures cleaning of residential and industrial areas of the city from the waste of mineral and organic origin, which could be a habitat of harmful insects and animals. In addition to that, these solid waste products, such as food, etc. undergo rapid decomposition, and can become a source of pathogens. Utilization. The next stage is the utilization of garbage and waste products, which can be used after recycling. Such waste products are sorted by type of re cycling. Then they are crushed, deprived of impurities and, if necessary, melted. The list of materials that can be recycled include various metals, plastics, paper, and glass. Ecological sanitation. Ecological sanitation involves the installation of composting toilets, where the situation requires it (e.g. developing countries). In addition to that, there is a distribution of special training literature, which helps to improve the educational level of people in terms of hygiene and sanitation. Such literature popularly explains the importance of hand washing with soap and water, etc. University and college students, who write their research proposal on sanitation, should also explain that collection and disposal of waste products also help to maintain a healthy environment. Moreover, they have to describe the significance of hygiene and sanitation for improving the environmental conditions in residential and industrial areas. If you have little or not enough experience in this doma in, free sample research paper topics on sanitation will guide through the process of a first-class research project writing, which seems so obscure for beginners. There are great deal of excellent free samples on the Web, but be careful to choose, as a big part of them may turn out to be poor-quality imitations. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Sanitation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Sanitation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Sanitation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer At EssayLib.com custom writing service you can buy a custom research paper on Sanitation topics. Your research paper will be written from scratch. We hire top-rated Ph.D. and Master’s writers only to provide students with professional research paper assistance at affordable rates. Each customer will get a non-plagiarized paper with timely delivery. Just visit our website and fill in the order form with all paper details: Enjoy our professional research paper writing service!

A Civil Action essays

A Civil Action essays This book is about a hotshot lawyer name Jan Schlichtman that gets involved in a lawsuit against two companies in Woburn, Massachusetts. The lawsuit was about toxic waste that was dumped by both companies, W.C. Grace and Beatrice Foods on their property that ended up contaminating the Woburn areas water supply. Eight families claim that the death of their children were caused by trichloroethylene (TCE) in the toxic waste which caused these children to have leukemia, skin rashes, nausea, burning eyes and other ailments. The story continues on to talk about how the families and lawyers try to convince the jury by using evidence that they got from medical experts, public health specialists, geologists, civil engineers, and government agencies to win the case. In the end the financial power and stonewalling of the companies, and the partiality of the presiding judge for one of the defense lawyers resulted in a verdict that favored the defense. At the end of the case Jan Schlichtman had to file bankruptcy because of all the cost. Only when the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) decided to launch a clean up and filed a suit against the two companies to pay a share of the cost was the only actual justice served. They said the project would last for 50 years but after they?re all done there will still be TCE left. After reading this book I came to realize that the justice system is messed up. People get favored over based on their reputation, where they went to school, the law firm they work at and etc. The lawyers that represented the two companies were from Harvard and part of a major law firm. The lawyer that represented the families was from a smaller firm and didn't go to a really good college and the judge treated them different in court. Another thing that I realized was that if you don't have specific evidence to prove your point in a case it could get dism ...

Implement a Web-Catering Order System with Cater Trax Research Paper

Implement a Web-Catering Order System with Cater Trax - Research Paper Example Reasons for cater trax implementation in the department In the catering department at Texas Children’s Hospital, there have been increased demands from our clients. The department has to deal with about three hundred orders daily and even an increased number during the weekends. Meeting the clients’ demands has become a great challenge, due to the increased numbers. Research shows that a number of institutions have overcome this challenge of overbooking with the help of cater trax (Cupps, 1997). This is because cater trax is remarkably helpful in managing high volume orders and hospitality businesses. A number of institutions have employed this system and attained great success out of it. Advantages of using Cater trax over its competitors Cater trax is a web-based software made up of powerful tools built directly within the system. For this reason, it is vital that customers undergo one hour and thirty minutes of training before they are able to use the system. This tr aining is only available for cater trax company customers making the system extremely user friendly. It is essential to note that there are other industry competitors to cater trax (Dickinson, 2011). However, cater trax proves to be the best choice because of its advantages. For example, they offer twenty-four hour customer service whereby users can contact a support team for any questions. Unlike its competitors, it provides two software packages offered at the same time. At one end, customers are able to place their orders in ordering accounts, get their confirmation via their emails and repeat the process if necessary. Consequently, the catering department can run its business smoothly by editing invoices, keeping catering calendars, and receiving reports (Kotler & Bowen, 2006). As a result, the system maintains all food services in an organized manner as well as making it a profitable venture. Other advantages associated with the use of this online catering management software a re that it does not require Information technology management, servers, or special equipment and the ordering prices are fair. The prices for all meals vary from three dollars to seventeen dollars per head depending on the meal. All that is needed to make an order is an internet connection. Upon its installation, it can provide up to the minute reports on all the departments proceedings. Steps to implementing cater trax Since this program simplifies a lot of work, one may think it is difficult to implement. However, it is essential to note that only six simple steps are required to get cater trax implemented. The steps include being registered, gathering information from clients, an integration interview, site construction, training and lastly the site is launched (Welloh, 2011). Upon completion, clients can make orders online. These six processes can be implemented within a very short period of six weeks within which certain milestones are met. Relationship between cater trax and i ts customers Many cater trax users have complete trust on the system because of their continual use. This is because cater trax employees work tirelessly to ensure high levels of security, availability of information and reliability to the users. Success is paramount at cater trax, so all food service providers receive similar attention regardless of the services they offer. On placing orders, customers are ab

Reasons for Closing Quantanamo Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reasons for Closing Quantanamo - Research Paper Example These detainees are to offer intelligence that will help the American government deal with the crimes of war and terror. There have been very many reasons why the facility should be closed. Some are from the policy standpoint while others are legal reasons. To date, the facility’s closure has proved to be very difficult. The American government’s main aim is to show the whole world that even in the face of their troubles, they still uphold their values. Keywords: Guantanamo, Closure, Detainees, Detention, Facility Introduction Following the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 in the United States, it was passed by the Congress that there was need for Authorization to Use Military Force (AUMF) (Garcia, Elsea, Mason & Liu, 2009). The military was given the mandate to use all the necessary and appropriate force against those who had planned, committed, or given any assistance in the terrorist attack. Individuals from Afghanistan and other parts of the world, who were ca ptured by the United States Military force during this operation, were relocated to Guantanamo Bay, US Naval station. This facility was used to detain them, and prosecution would follow before the military tribunals (Garcia, Elsea, Mason & Liu, 2009). Since 2002, nearly 800 persons have been brought to Guantanamo. In order to continue their detention, majority of these detainees have been transferred again to a third country. A substantial number of released detainees have also been transferred from Guantanamo. Despite the transfer, there are a number of detainees who remain in the facility. They include: Those who have been placed in preventive detention so as to bar them from going back to the battle field. The nature of this preventive detention is non-penal and must be terminated upon the cessation of hostilities (Garcia, Elsea, Mason & Liu, 2009). Those waiting to be brought before a tribunal, so that they can face charges filed against them such as â€Å"alleged violations of the law of war† (Garcia, Elsea, Mason & Liu, 2009, p. 1). If convicted, these people may be sentenced to life imprisonment or execution. The last category includes those who have been cleared for release or transfer to a different nation. Such persons are such as those who are believed not to have contributed to the hostilities or those who are no longer regarded as threats to US security (Garcia, Elsea, Mason & Liu, 2009). Closing Guantanamo was a stated desire and policy in the administration of President Bush. It was supported by both the republican and the democrat presidential candidates. These were John Mc-Cain and Senator Barack Obama. Guantanamo has been used as a detention facility for terrorist suspects, but there has been the argument that it has been damaging the US national security. In 2008, there was widespread consensus within policy circles that it was supposed to be closed. There is lack of specificity on how to close the institution and at the same time, se ek to protect the real national interests and the security of the citizens of the United States (Mendelson, 2008). This policy of closing the facility has been one of the most difficult and most confronting issues in the United States of America. The current administration has been unable to implement the goal of closing the facility because it has received a lot of opposition. Even though it is the goal of the Americans to close Guantanamo, the United States cannot

Identify The Needs And Expectation Of Individual Stakeholder Management Essay

Identify The Needs And Expectation Of Individual Stakeholder Management Essay Organizations change constantly, a projects stakeholder set will change as stakeholder change roles within the organization, move into different roles or leave the organization to take up roles in other organizations. For whatever reason, the ability of individual stakeholder to influence the project may increase or decrease. Most project management methodologies define ways to identify project stakeholder, and then base their entire communications strategies on this initial, and only, identification. Many projects fail because stakeholders do not continue to support the vision or objectives of the project. In many cases this is because the team does not recognize changes in the relative power or position of key stakeholder and fails to make appropriate adjustments in their stakeholder management activities. This study reported upon in this paper is focused on support for project managers in building and maintaining relationships with project stakeholder. This is accomplished through using a practical methodology that allows the project team to identify and priorities the projects stakeholder and then stakeholders needs of the project to develop an appropriate relationship management strategy. The underlying assumption for this research is the stakeholder management is extremely difficult, the project manager and his/her project team members must identify, engage and sustain relationships with a diverse set of groups and individuals (including themselves) who can impact the project in many ways. STAKEHOLDER According to Freemans (1984: pg.25 and pg 26) stakeholder view of the firm instrumentally defines a stakeholder as Any group or individual who can affect or is affected by the achievement of the firms objectives and he suggested that there is a need for integrated approaches for dealing with multiple stakeholder on multiple issues While Freeman framed and demarcated stakeholder as elements of corporate strategic planning. Stakeholders are persons or group who are directly or indirectly affected by a project, as well as those who may have interest in a project and/or the ability to influence its outcome, either positively, or negatively. Stakeholders may include locally affected communities or individuals and their formal and informal representatives, national or local government authorities, politicians, religious leaders, civil society organizations and groups with special interests, the academic community, or other business. The stake that each of these different individuals or groups has in project or investment will vary, for example, there may be people directly affected by the potential environmental or social impacts of a project. Others may be resident in another country altogether, but wish to communicate their concerns or suggestions to the project company. Then there are those who might have great influence over the project, such as government regulators, political or religious leaders, and others active in the local community. There are also stakeholders who, because of their knowledge or stature, can contribute positively, for example, by acting as an honest broker in mediation relationships. TYPES OF STAKEHOLDER Stakeholder is classified as being either internal or external to the firm. They are either part of the business itself, or are influenced by it. There are many groups who are stakeholders inside and outside of a firm who have an interest in its operation, and obviously its survival. The diagram below shows the different stakeholders. Internal stakeholders: are (ones from within an organization) individual, group or business with a vested interest (a stake) in the success of an organization is considered to be a stakeholder. A stakeholder will generally be someone who is concerned with an organization delivering intended results and meeting its financial objectives External stakeholders: are (outside organization) individuals, group or business with a vested interest (a stake) in the success of an organization is considered to be a stakeholder. A stakeholder will generally be someone who is concerned with an organization delivering intended results and meeting its financial objectives. From the table below, Internal stakeholders may have different objectives and level of risk. Stakeholder Objective Risk Shareholders (may be companies not people) Dividend income Small, if investment is part of the portfolio of shares owned. Directors executive Income and power Higher, but may have many directorships, and savings. Directors non-executive Many, depending why they are there. Gives some income. May well be small, smaller than that of executive directors. Managers Income Higher than Directors but lower than that of workers. Workers Continuation of job. Earnings to pay the cost of living High. No job = no income. Jobs may be hard to get. THE IMPORTANCE OF STAKEHOLDERS Stakeholders are those groups, individuals, and parties that are directly affected by the practices of an organization and therefore have a stake in the organizations performance. Some of the common stakeholders in an organization are customers, employees, investors, suppliers, local communities, etc. one of the importance of stakeholders is that a stakeholder can provide feedback to a companys performance. The critical importance of stakeholder engagement and alignment of their goals and vision has been well established (Cooke-Davies 2000, Christensen and Walker 2003). By providing more project manager with a methodology and a tool to better visualize stakeholder potential impact, it is possible to ensure a greater set of potential responses of project manager to the environment they need to operate in (Cooke-Davies 2000, p 211) Stakeholder engagement is a formal process of relationship management through which companies, industries or project engage with a set of stakeholder in an effort to align their mutual interest, to reduce risk and to advance the organizations economic advantage. Manila Water Company Organizational Point of view: (e.g.) From its inception in 1997, Manila Water Company in the Philippians has sought to have a proactive and open relationship with its stakeholders, including customers, local NGOs and government. Good stakeholder relationship are viewed as being fundamental to the core business of the company, which is to provide clean, safe water and sewage services to approximately half of manilas population. When Manila Water acquired the east concession from the government operator, it launched a walk the line program in which all company staff from managers to district level representatives visit their customers, including residents of informal settlements, to consult with them on the delivery of these essential services to their community. As a result of this engagement and other initiatives, Manila Water has significantly improved its service delivery. Between 2004 and 2006, the percentage of household having a 24-hour water supply jumped from 26% to 95%. At t he same time, water losses from the system were reduced from 63% to 35.5%. From 325,000 households served at start of 2004, there were more than 1,000,000 in 2006, including over 848,000 urban poor. The companys proactive stakeholder engagement strategy has also led to a number of partnerships that have benefited local communities, including housing reconstruction for habitat for humanity and micro-financing to start small business through the bank of Philippine islands. Manila Water has established engagement plans for key NGO stakeholders, the media, and investors that include quarterly dialogues and visits to the companys sustainable development and community projects. HOW TO ENGAGE AND MANAGE STAKEHOLDER STRATEGY Stakeholder engagement can improve long-term viability and benefits significantly by improving decision-making, understanding and accountability (Hughes and Demetrius, 2006, p.95) Due to the size and scale of our company, as well as the nature of our business, ConocoPhillips stakeholders have unique and evolving expectations. We proactively engage with them to learn their expectations of us, and then incorporate what we learn into our business plans and actions. This process fosters an environment of trust and mutual respect. Through work with industry associations, participation in multi-sector forums, and dialogue with socially responsible investors, were gaining diverse and valuable perspectives as we continuously improve our sustainable development programs and initiatives. ConocoPhillips stakeholder engagement activities are an integral part of the sustainable development commitments. The major businesses have engagement strategies which vary according to the nature of the local community. In dispersed communities, it identifies key stakeholders and engages with them face-to-face to ensure that the activities are understood and that could consider the feedback. In regions where there are opportunities to bring local stakeholders together, they work with multi-stakeholder groups in a similar way. Proactively identify and seek out key stakeholders early in the business endeavour.à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Include these key stakeholders in the design and implementation of the engagement process. Listen in order to understand stakeholders interests, concerns and culture. Communicate openly. Seek solutions that create mutually beneficial business and engagement approaches that also build long-term value for both the company and our stakeholders. Follow through on our commitments and stand accountable for the results, both internally and externally. We engage with stakeholders in variety of ways, for example: Customers: by carrying out a regular customer satisfaction surveys and review feedback from a range of third party surveys. Also to give customers the opportunity to provide feedback directly to stores and via customer service helps line. Employees: by having an open and honest corporate culture, and carrying out regular employee satisfaction surveys. Suppliers: by having a regular communication with its suppliers Communities and NGOs: by engaging with a wide range of local, national and international associations, organizations and NGOs, and local and national government, the municipalities of the communities they serve. Shareholder: by participating in various road shows for socially responsible investment (RSI), at which multinational investors are present. Stakeholders have important and sometimes different priorities. As an organization, there is a need to identify the key stakeholder that is relevant to the business organization activities. And these are the customers, employees, suppliers, communities, NGOs, and shareholders. Many stakeholder engagement activities currently occur at operating level; there is always a plan to aim at an increase activities at group level and also to discuss the progress of the business and implement a future strategy. Benefits of stakeholder engagement Stakeholder benefits Company benefits Reputation Reputation Innovation employee motivation and competence project outputs competitive advantage/innovation access to resources risk management social capital (networks, local knowledge) social capital (networks, local knowledge) Competitive advantage/innovation Several companies supported the view that stakeholder engagement can help create a competitive advantage (Porter and Kramer, 2002; Harting et al, 2006). One respondent noted that weve gone 100% Fair-trade on our bananas and have committed to do the same with tea big strategic changes like that take a lot of planning and create real points of difference that are difficult to copy (Sainsburys). Engaging stakeholders has also been seen as a way of inspiring business innovation: were a big business but we dont have all the answers its good to listen to other people and develop new solutions Marks Spencer DESCRIBE THE ROLES 0F THE DIFFERENT STAKEHOLDERS BY ANALYSISNG DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES Commonly cited techniques for informing deliberation through stakeholder involvement Public hearings: Regulated, formal arrangements for times and places at which members of the general public and other types of stakeholders can give evidence or question public authorities about decisions under consideration. Deliberative polling: Like opinion polling, but collects views after persons have been introduced to the issue and have thought about it. Meant to give an indication of what people would think if they had the time and information to consider the issue (instead of reacting cold). Includes a feedback session, sometimes with a high media profile (e.g. broadcast by television along with documentary inserts) Focus groups: Small groups of invited or recruited persons discuss a theme or proposal; provides insight on their reactions, values, concerns and perspectives, and an indication of how group dynamics influence opinions. Citizen advisory groups: Small groups of persons who represent various interests or expertise (e.g. community leaders) meet on a regular or ad hoc basis to discuss concerns and provide informed input. Consultative groups: Forums that call together key representatives of civil society (NGOs and CSOs), economic and political spheres, to make policy recommendations and to improve the ongoing dialogue between these actors Nominal group process: A structured group interaction technique designed to generate a prioritized list of high-quality ideas within two hours or less. It is particularly helpful for setting goals, defining obstacles, and gathering creative responses to a particular question. Multi-actor policy workshops: Small groups mixing key stakeholders and technical experts, aimed at collecting a range of viewpoints on what are the important question raised by the dialogue issue. These may allow an innovative view of the problem to emerge, along with new approaches to its solution. It is not necessary or practical to engage with all stakeholder groups with the same level of intensity all of the time. Being clear on whom you are engaging with and why will save both time and money. This requires prioritizing your stakeholders and, depending on who they are and what their interests are, figuring out the most appropriate ways to engage. Stakeholder analysis will assist in this prioritization by assessing the significance of the project to each stakeholder group from their perspective, and vice versa. It is important to keep in mind that the project is dynamic and that both stakeholders and their interests might change over time. For example, some stakeholders will be more affected by a particular stage of a project. You may now have a long list of people and organizations that are affected by your project. Some of these may have the power either to block or advance it. Some may be interested in what you are doing, others may not care. You can map out your stakeholders on a Power/Interest Grid as shown in Figure 1, and classify them by their power over and interest in project. Power/Interest Grid for Stakeholder Prioritisation For example, your boss is likely to have high power and influence over your projects and high interest. Your family may have high interest, but are unlikely to have power over it. The position on the grid shows you the actions you have to take with the stakeholder: High power, high interest: these are the stakeholders you must fully engage with, and make the greatest efforts to satisfy. High power, less interest: put enough work in with these stakeholders to keep them satisfied, but not so much that they become bored with your message. Low power, high interest: keep these stakeholders adequately informed, and talk to them to ensure that no major issues are arising. These stakeholders can often be very helpful with the detail of your project. Low power, less interest: monitor these stakeholders but do not bore them with excessive communication. Internal stakeholders: Directors: may be executive or non-executive ones. They are appointed by the shareholders to look after their interest. Shareholders: are the owners of plcs (public limited companies) or private limited companies. Managers: will include the executive directors. When they are running the company they are managers. Essentially managers are the [people within a firm responsible for planning and directing the work of a group of individuals and monitoring their work. Worker: These are all the non-managerial/supervisory people that work in a firm. External stakeholder Central government: firms supply the central government with a large part of its income. They can influence their decisions, though, especially if they are large and powerful. Locality: firms create employment and income for the community. Employees spend in shops etc. creating more jobs. There is a multiplying effect from this income. They may cause pollution and other problems causing potential conflict of interest. Pressure groups: this may b e stakeholders if they are affected directly or indirectly by the actions of a firm. Local communities, for instance, may form a pressure group to prevent a firm from expanding its premises or even setting up in the first place. Customers: customers have an obvious interest in the survival and efficiency of the firm. They want the product at the best price and quality possible. Suppliers: suppliers have an obvious interest in the survival and efficiency of the firm. They want the product to sell so they get the orders from materials etc. Competitors: competitors have an interest in the survival of the firm. Its failure may help them (more market share available), but so may their survival. (Monopoly markets are not as good as they seem. New technology firm need competitors to help with the marketing and market development.) Local government: films are part of the locality so interface with the government. They supply income (business tax) and need services. (Planning, health, fire, police) Also, Secondary stakeholders may play key roles in managing conflict by: Information gathering and analysis providing technical support, obtaining or advising on information, participating in the search for views on possible solutions, or increasing the acceptability of various outcomes; Advocacy working alongside weaker parties to build a transparent process, or helping the wider political arena to work towards greater equity; Intermediating acting as mediators between other conflicting groups; Monitoring and enforcement ensuring compliance with agreements by helping to enforce any that are broken. Secondary stakeholders can be effectively involved without including them directly in formal negotiations. For example, they can take part in focus group meetings, advisory or working groups, surveys or interviews, and community meetings. USE RACI ANALYSIS TO CLEARIFY STAKEHOLDER MAPPING AND TECHNIQUE: by Value Based Management.net Last updated Apr 17th, 2012 RACI Analysis: The RACI model is a relatively straightforward tool that can be used for identifying roles and responsibilities during an organizational change process. After all, transformation processes do not process themselves; people have to do something to make the process happen. Therefore it is useful to describe what should be done by whom to make a transformation process happen. Instead of the term RACI, sometimes also the terms RASCI or RASIC are used. RASCI is an abbreviation for: R= Responsible owns the problem or project A= to whom R is Accountable who must sign off (approve) on work before it is effective S = can be Supportive can provide resources or can play a supporting role in implementation C= to be consulted has information and/or capability necessary to complete the work I= to be Informed must be notified of results, but need not to be consulted The techniques is typically supported by an RACI chart (see figure) which helps to dearly discuss, agree and communicate the roles and responsibilities. Typical steps in a RACL process: Identify all the processes / activities involved. Identify all of the roles. Identify who has the RASCI for each process. Every process should preferably have one and only one R as a general principle. Resolve overlaps. Resolve gaps. Responsibility matrix that helps to clarify the who-does-what on the virtual team.   While working with a team recently I realized that RACI is often confused with a similar tool called a stakeholder analysis.   Whats a stakeholder?   In the case of telework, a stakeholder is any individual, group or organization that can have a significant impact on or can be significantly impacted by the telework initiative.   A stakeholder analysis is a process to align the political aspects of the organization  to the needs and goals of telework.   The success of a telework program can be influenced by many factors.   As many studies have pointed out, some of the biggest hurdles in telework are management resistance, organizational culture, and communication.   A stakeholder analysis can help overcome these barriers by forcing the implementation team to identify all the potential parties and individuals that can positively or negatively influence the initiative and then develop strategies to align those stakeholders. Creating a stakeholder analysis is simple.   Heres how to do it step by step: First, identify the individuals or groups that qualify as stakeholders (you can list them in the first column).   Next, identify whether they are resistant, supportive, or neutral in regards to the telework implementation.   I have colored coded mine (red, green, yellow) to make it stand out more.   Some teams like to use a scale of 1 5 to add in categories of very resistant to very supportive. In this step you will identify the issues or reasons that explain the stakeholders position.   If they are resistant, why are they resistant? Once the team labels the stakeholders position, they can use the same scale described in Step 2 to list where they need the stakeholder to be.   This step will help you prioritize where to focus some of your communication and change management efforts.   For example, you may have stakeholders that are neutral to the initiative but they are not vital stakeholders and as long as they are not resistant, then there is no need to focus on them.   Lastly, for the stakeholders the team needs to align, the team can identify the specific strategies to employ to get them onboard.   Additional columns can be added to assign specific team members to the strategies and due dates. So whats the difference between the stakeholder analysis and a RACI?   Both are living documents and can be used to help increase intra-organization communication.   However, the RACI is typically used to determine who-does-what while the stakeholder analysis helps get various people or organizations onboard with the initiative.   Like the RACI, there are may variations to the stakeholder analysis.   Some practitioners like to add an additional column to help prioritize stakeholders, such as level of impact the stakeholder might have.   Other matrices can be get more elaborate by adding additional columns for identifying root causes to certain issues or specifics of the communication plan (i.e. frequency, medium, etc.).   My advice is to keep it simple.   The intent, not the table, is what is important.   Successful telework implementations depend on managing a number of stakeholders.   Getting them aligned at the onset and keeping them onboard is key and can be done with a little forethought. Analysis for each stakeholder: Are there too many Rs:  Does one stakeholder have too much of the project assigned to them? No empty cells:  Does the stakeholder need to be involved in so many of the activities? Can Responsible be changed to Consulted, or Consulted changed to Informed? I.e., are there too many cooks in this kitchen to keep things moving? (And if so, what does that say about the culture within which this project is being managed?) Buy-in:  Does each stakeholder totally agree with the role that they are specified to play in this version of the model? When such agreement is achieved, that should be included in the projects charter and documentation. Analysis for each PLC step or deliverable: No Rs:  Who is doing the work in this step and getting things done? Whose role is it to take the initiative? Too many Rs:  Is this another sign of too many cooks in this kitchen to keep things moving? No As:  Who is Accountable? There must be one A for every step of the PLC. One stakeholder must be Accountable for the thing happening the buck stops with this person. More than one A:  Is there confusion on decision rights? Stakeholders with accountability have the final say on how the work should be done and how conflicts are resolved. Multiple As invite slow and contentious decision-making. Every box filled in:  Do all the stakeholders really need to be involved? Are there justifiable benefits in involving all the stakeholders, or is this just covering all the bases? A lot of Cs:  Do all the stakeholders need to be routinely Consulted, or can they be kept Informed and raise exceptional circumstances if they feel they need to be Consulted? Too many Cs in the loop really slows down the project. Are all true stakeholders included in this model:  Sometimes this is more of a challenge to ensure, as its an error of omission. This is often best addressed by a steering committee or management team.

Partial Interview with Biff Loman Essay

Interviewer:Were you surprised to hear about your father’s suicide attempts? Biff:Yes, of course! I had no idea. But I guess it’s like what Mom had said; I never asked about him, I didn’t write that often. But I really had no clue that he was that bad-off. Interviewer:What did you mean when you were telling Happy that you never felt like you were getting anywhere with your life when you were working on a farm? Biff:My father’s standard made me like I was wasting my life. I was only making 28 dollars an hour, that’d be nothing to him. He had always wanted me to be in business like him, so I felt like I was failing him. Plus, he had always looked down at manual laborers. Interviewer:What did you think of your father after you discovered he was having an affair? Biff:I thought he was a huge fake. At first I couldn’t believe it. I had always looked up to him, like any son to his father, but finding that out made me realize he was a fake. Interviewer:You had specifically mentioned how Willy had given the women in Boston your mother’s stockings, what was that about? Biff:It made me think of his as a phony and a liar. He was saying how that woman didn’t really mean anything to him, but that made me think otherwise. Interviewer:You were very worked up over accidentally taking Bill Oliver’s pen. What was that about? Biff:It made me realize that I wouldn’t be able to do what I was trying to do. There was no way this was going to work out. And once again, I wouldn’t live up to Pop’s dream of me. Interviewer:Did you really think that Bill Oliver would remember you and give you the money that you needed? Biff:Yes, but only because of my dad’s influencing. He really made me think that I was into business like he was. Interviewer:Do you blame your father for your shortcomings the jobs you held? Biff:Well, it wasn’t him who stole me out of every job I had since high school, it was me. But it was him who blew me so full of hot air I couldn’t stand taking orders from anybody for very long. Interviewer:How did you finally convince your father that you were never going to live up to the standard he had for you? Biff:I finally stood up to him and told him that I wasn’t going to be bringing any prizes home, so he should stop waiting for me to bring them. Interviewer:What did you mean by â€Å"I know who I am† when you were talked to Happy after your father’s funeral? Biff:I meant what I said. I was done chasing Dad’s dream and even though I was still unsure what I was going to do with the rest of my life, I knew for sure I’d be doing something that I would want to do. Interviewer:Your body language suggested you didn’t agree with what Happy was saying after your father’s funeral. What was that about? Biff: Oh yeah†¦ he was saying that the only dream you can have is to come out as the number-one man. It’s like he’s stuck now trying to be what I couldn’t be. And that’s a successful in business, be what Dad wanted me to be. It reminded me of Happy talking about his life the first night we were back in our room at our parent’s house. He said he had it all but he was still lonely. It reminded me that Dad had also said he was lonely after I discovered his affair. Interviewer:What did you mean by, â€Å"there’s more of him in that front stoop than in all the sales he ever made†? Biff:He had always really liked working with his hands. I think he only thought that being a salesman was what he was meant to do. He always put so much pride into his handiwork. He loved the idea of having a garden†¦

The Friendship Between Huckleberry Finn and Jim

A Special Friendship Racial equality has been an issue throughout the history of the United States. The problem stems from the legalization of slavery. From then on, people of all the different races have advocated for the rights of minorities. One of those such people, who strove to break the barriers, was Mark Twain. In his novel, The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn, A young white boy named Huck sets out in adventure with a black slave named Jim. Throughout it, Hucks relationship grows from one of acquaintance to one of friendship, teaching Huck to go against society. Twain makes a social statement that a color should not define a person.In the beginning of the novel, Huck’s relationship with Jim is one of only acquaintance. He has had minimal contact with Jim and sees him as merely just slave. Huck doesn’t fully acknowledge the fact that he has feelings. He even allows Tom to play a trick on Jim, â€Å"Tom said he slipped Jim’s hat off and Hung it on the treeà ¢â‚¬ (Twain 6). Although he did try to stop Tom from doing, Huck doesn’t think much about it , as he doesn’t really care about Jim since he is just a slave. After the incident Jim comes to believe that witches rode him all over the world and that the hat was left on the tree. Huck never tells him the truth.By the time Jim and Huck have set out in the raft, they’ve developed a special bond. Huck doesn’t fully understand this until he plays a mean joke on Jim that leaves Jim deeply hurt,† when I got all wore out wid work, en wid calling you, en went to sleep my heart was mos broke bekause you woz los, (†¦ ) , en all you could think of how you make a fool uv ole jim, (Twain 55) After the incident, Huck comes to the realization that Jim isn’t just a slave but a person. Huck knows he has feeling and from this point on he begins to question the morality of slavery. Huck’s relationship with Jim eventually grows into friendship.They both care about each other and look out for one another. In many instances Huck saves Jim from being captured, â€Å"But lawsly, How you did fool em, Huck dat was the smartes dodge! (Twain 96). † Huck goes out on a limb to save Jim from being captured by slave hunters. This demonstrates how their relationship has completely changed. There is now trust and commitment in their friendship. Jim also looks out for Huck. Jim is almost like a father figure to Huck because he takes care of him in a way that only fathers do, â€Å" He often does that, he gets up and doesn’t wake me† (pg 155). Jim sacrifices his sleep so the Huck gets a good night rest.Jim is putting Huck first instead of himself, just like a father would do. One of the most important aspects of Huck’s and Jim’s friendship is that Huck learns to go against society. He begins to start thinking for himself and comes to the conclusion that Jim shouldn’t be a slave. Although he struggles with this idea throughout the novel, he eventually makes the final decision to break away from society. This is seen when Huck decides to help jim escape when he is caught, â€Å" All right then, I’ll go to hell†(pg, 214). Huck makes a moral decision to go to hell by helping Jim escape.He knows that society tell him it is wrong put does it anyway. After this, Huck sees Jim as his equal. He says â€Å" I knowed that he was white inside† (276). He comes to the conclusion that Jim is just the same as he is in the inside. The color of Jim skin does not define who he is in the inside. By showing how Huck’s and Jim’s relationship grows from one of acquaintance to friendship, Twain demonstrates how a color should not define a person. Twain himself goes against society to show this powerful message. His massage has had a lasting impact in society. He was able to do this by simply standing up for what he believed in.

Current Issue in Management Accounting - 6101 Words

*Accounting Today Firms Must Change Together -- or Fall Apart By Danielle Lee Whether firms manage, lead or ignore them, big changes are a foot in the accounting profession, and the best course of navigation will be collaborative. That journey begins with communication *Accounting And Finance Current Issues In Management Accounting Accounting Essay Performance measurement is the process to use the parameters to measure the performance of the organization. This process of measuring performance often uses the statistical evidence to determine progress toward specific defined organizational objectives. The purpose of the measurement is to improve the performance of the entity. Performance measurement is to evaluate how well of the entity. It†¦show more content†¦Most of the manufacturing firms are still using variance analysis, but nowadays the trend was changed and conjunct with innovative techniques such as life cycle cost analysis and activity-based costing (ABC). Its purpose is to specific aspects of the idea of the modern business environment. Life-cycle costing recognizes the ability of the manager of the entity, influence the cost of the product manufactured when the product is still at the design stage of the product life-cycle. Even a small change of the product, there is a significant cost saving of the products . Activity-based costing recognizes that most manufacturing costs are based on the amount of the production equipment idle time or the number of production units, to optimize the efficiency of production cycle and to effective the cost control. Both Lifecycle Costing and Activity-based costing avoid the disruptive events such as machine breakdowns and quality control failures. Management accounting has a fundamental role in performance measurement. 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